Beneficial Effects of Some Antidotes in Fluoride and Arsenic Induced Toxicity in Kidney of Mice

Ingestion of sodium fluoride (NaF, 5 mg/kg/body weight) and/or arsenic trioxide (As2O3, 0.5 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days and possible beneficial effects of calcium phosphate and vitamins C and E supplementation for the next 30 days on some parameters in kidney of adult male mice (Mus musculus) were examined. The combined treatment caused a significant decline in total protein and creatinine and in the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and ALP), which are indicative of altered membrane permeability, disturbed cell functions, and probably tissue damage. These alterations are correlated with the histological changes in the kidney. Withdrawal of NaF + As2O3 treatment, caused insignificant recovery in most of the parameters studied. However, administration of antidotes alone or in combination during the withdrawal period resulted in almost complete recovery, which was more pronounced with the antidotes combined, probably due to their additive or synergistic action. Thus it is possible they could be used for the management of kidney toxicity induced by fluoride and arsenic.